In 2020, the era of the fifth industrial revolution of complex and sophisticated systems is upon us. These systems are based on increasingly integrated electronic components, capable of self-repair as in the case of the new generations of integrated circuits in our smartphones, for instance. Technological developments are occurring at a rapid pace (nearly 50 billion transistors are integrated into a single microprocessor) and the semiconductor market is invaded every year by new integrated circuits and electronic components available off the shelf (COTS).
The reliability of systems used in industries such as Aeronautics, Space, Rail, Maritime, Transport, or Energy is regulated by the reliability of these key COTS which are sometimes used in operating conditions that they cannot endure over long periods without premature aging.
Predicting the reliability of systems under such actual life cycle conditions and estimating the time to failure is essential. Predicting and avoiding the risks of catastrophic system failures is a knowledge that provides a real competitive advantage able to anticipate customer expectations and optimize the costs of design, industrialization, production, and maintenance of products and systems.